Grid

Grid

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The above example creates three equal-width columns on small, medium, large, and extra large devices using our predefined grid classes. Those columns are centered in the page with the parent .container.

While Bootstrap uses ems or rems for defining most sizes, pxs are used for grid breakpoints and container widths. This is because the viewport width is in pixels and does not change with the font size.

For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, from xs to xl. Add any number of unit-less classes for each breakpoint you need and every column will be the same width.

Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and have the sibling columns automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column.

For grids that are the same from the smallest of devices to the largest, use the .col and .col-* classes. Specify a numbered class when you need a particularly sized column; otherwise, feel free to stick to .col.

Use .order- classes for controlling the visual order of your content. These classes are responsive, so you can set the order by breakpoint (e.g., .order-1.order-md-2). Includes support for 1 through 12 across all five grid tiers.

You can offset grid columns in two ways: our responsive .offset- grid classes and our margin utilities. Grid classes are sized to match columns while margins are more useful for quick layouts where the width of the offset is variable.

To nest your content with the default grid, add a new .row and set of .col-sm-* columns within an existing .col-sm-* column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12 or fewer (it is not required that you use all 12 available columns).

Variables and maps determine the number of columns, the gutter width, and the media query point at which to begin floating columns. We use these to generate the predefined grid classes documented above, as well as for the custom mixins listed below.

The number of grid columns can be modified via Sass variables. $grid-columns is used to generate the widths (in percent) of each individual column while $grid-gutter-width allows breakpoint-specific widths that are divided evenly across padding-left and padding-right for the column gutters.

Defines a grid template by referencing the names of the grid areas which are specified with the grid-area property. Repeating the name of a grid area causes the content to span those cells. A period signifies an empty cell. The syntax itself provides a visualization of the structure of the grid.

Note: The grid- prefix will be removed and grid-column-gap and grid-row-gap renamed to column-gap and row-gap. The unprefixed properties are already supported in Chrome 68+, Safari 11.2 Release 50+, and Opera 54+.

Note: The grid- prefix is deprecated (but who knows, may never actually be removed from browsers). Essentially grid-gap renamed to gap. The unprefixed property is already supported in Chrome 68+, Safari 11.2 Release 50+, and Opera 54+.

Sometimes the total size of your grid might be less than the size of its grid container. This could happen if all of your grid items are sized with non-flexible units like px. In this case you can set the alignment of the grid within the grid container. This property aligns the grid along the inline (row) axis (as opposed to align-content which aligns the grid along the block (column) axis).

Sometimes the total size of your grid might be less than the size of its grid container. This could happen if all of your grid items are sized with non-flexible units like px. In this case you can set the alignment of the grid within the grid container. This property aligns the grid along the block (column) axis (as opposed to justify-content which aligns the grid along the inline (row) axis).

Specifies the size of any auto-generated grid tracks (aka implicit grid tracks). Implicit tracks get created when there are more grid items than cells in the grid or when a grid item is placed outside of the explicit grid. (see The Difference Between Explicit and Implicit Grids)

A shorthand for setting all of the following properties in a single declaration: grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns, grid-template-areas, grid-auto-rows, grid-auto-columns, and grid-auto-flow (Note: You can only specify the explicit or the implicit grid properties in a single grid declaration).

Gives an item a name so that it can be referenced by a template created with the grid-template-areas property. Alternatively, this property can be used as an even shorter shorthand for grid-row-start + grid-column-start + grid-row-end + grid-column-end.

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They define the number of grids the component will use for a given breakpoint. They are intended to control width using flex-basis in row containers but they will impact height in column containers.If used, these props may have undesirable effects on the height of the Grid item elements.

You can also use variant modifiers to target media queries like responsive breakpoints, dark mode, prefers-reduced-motion, and more. For example, use md:grid-cols-6 to apply the grid-cols-6 utility at only medium screen sizes and above.

By default, Tailwind includes grid-template-column utilities for creating basic grids with up to 12 equal width columns. You can customize these values by editing theme.gridTemplateColumns or theme.extend.gridTemplateColumns in your tailwind.config.js file.

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Like tables, grid layout enables an author to align elements into columns and rows. However, many more layouts are either possible or easier with CSS grid than they were with tables. For example, a grid container's child elements could position themselves so they actually overlap and layer, similar to CSS positioned elements.

This CSS module defines a two-dimensional grid-based layout system, optimized for user interface design. In the grid layout model, the children of a grid container can be positioned into arbitrary slots in a predefined flexible or fixed-size layout grid.

In addition, due to its ability to explicitly position items in the grid,Grid Layout allows dramatic transformations in visual layout structurewithout requiring corresponding markup changes.By combining media queries with the CSS properties that control layout of the grid container and its children,authors can adapt their layout to changes in device form factors, orientation, and available space,while preserving a more ideal semantic structuring of their contentacross presentations.

The capabilities of grid layout address these problems.It provides a mechanism for authors to divide available space for layout into columns and rowsusing a set of predictable sizing behaviors.Authors can then precisely position and size the building block elements of their applicationinto the grid areas defined by the intersections of these columns and rows.The following examples illustrate the adaptive capabilities of grid layout,and how it allows a cleaner separation of content and style.

Continuing the prior example,the author also wants the game to adapt to different devices.Also, the game should optimize the placement of the components when viewed either in portrait or landscape orientation (Figures 6 and 7).By combining grid layout with media queries,the author is able to use the same semantic markup,but rearrange the layout of elements independent of their source order,to achieve the desired layout in both orientations.

Once the grid items have been placed,the sizes of the grid tracks (rows and columns) are calculated,accounting for the sizes of their contents and/or available space as specified in the grid definition.

Grid lines are the horizontal and vertical dividing lines of the grid.A grid line exists on either side of a column or row.They can be referred to by numerical index,or by an author-specified name.A grid item references the grid lines to determine its position within the grid using the grid-placement properties.

A grid area is the logical space used to lay out one or more grid items.A grid area consists of one or more adjacent grid cells.It is bound by four grid lines, one on each side of the grid area,and participates in the sizing of the grid tracks it intersects.A grid area can be named explicitly using the grid-template-areas property of the grid container,or referenced implicitly by its bounding grid lines.A grid item is assigned to a grid area using the grid-placement properties.

Grid layout gives authors great powers of rearrangement over the document.However, these are not a substitute for correct ordering of the document source.The order property and grid placement do not affect ordering in non-visual media(such as speech).Likewise, rearranging grid items visually does not affectthe default traversal order of sequential navigation modes(such as cycling through links, see e.g. tabindex [HTML]). 781b155fdc